@article {32,
	title = {First Molecular Evidence of Bartonella quintana in Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), Collected from Nepalese Children},
	journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {110 - 112},
	abstract = {Trench fever is a body louse-borne disease caused by Bartonella quintana Brenner. The recent status of louse infestation in Nepalese children is not well known. We collected head and body lice, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer and Pediculus humanus humanus L., respectively, from 30 children, including 11 cases of double infestation with both head and body lice. Detection of B. quintana in both louse species identified was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products with B. quintana DNA sequences were detected in both head and body lice from two children as well as in body lice derived from two other children. These results demonstrate that head lice may also play a role in the transmission of trench fever.},
	keywords = {Bartonella, ediculosis, head lice, Nepal, PCR, quintana, trench fever},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/46198.pdf},
	author = {Sasaki,Toshinori and Poudel,Shree Kanta S. and Isawa,Haruhiko and Hayashi,Toshihiko and Seki,Naomi and Tomita,Takashi and Sawabe,Kyoko and Kobayashi,Mutsuo}
}
@article {33,
	title = {First Molecular Evidence of Bartonella quintana in Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), Collected from Nepalese Children [authors{\textquoteright} reply]},
	journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {788},
	abstract = {Response of authors to published comments by Parola, P., P.-E. Fournier, and D. Raoult. 2006. Bartonella quintana, lice, and molecular tools. J. Med. Entomol. 43:787.
Poudel,},
	keywords = {Bartonella, ediculosis, head lice, Nepal, PCR, quintana, reply, trench fever},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/46606.pdf},
	author = {Sasaki,Toshinori and Poudel,Shree Kanta S. and Isawa,Haruhiko and Hayashi,Toshihiko and Seki,Naomi and Tomita,Takashi and Sawabe,Kyoko and Kobayashi,Mutsuo}
}
@article {35,
	title = {Fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils and component compounds against permethrin-resistant Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Argentina},
	journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {889 - 895},
	abstract = {The repeated use of permethrin and other insecticides for the control of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae), during past decades has resulted in the development of marked levels of resistance. Thus, new alternative insecticides are needed for the control of head lice. We studied the fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils from 16 native and exotic plants in Argentina, and 21 chemical components against permethrin-resistant head lice from Argentina. With a direct vapor-exposure bioassay, the most effective oil was from the native Myrcianthes cisplatensis Cambess (Myrtaceae) with a time to 50\% knockdown (KT50) of 1.3 min, followed by exotic species, Eucalyptus cinerea F.V. Muell., Eucalyptus viminalis Labill., and Eucalyptus saligna Smith. withKT50 values of 12.0, 14.9, and 17.4 min, respectively. The most effective components were 1,8-cineole and anisole, with KT50 values of 11.1 and 12.7 min, respectively. Regression analysis of KT50 values and vapor pressures and water-partition coef{\TH}cients for the essential oil components revealed that the most effective fumigants were among the more volatile components. Repellency assays indicated that the essential oil from Mentha pulegium L. and its benzyl alcohol component were the most effective repellents, having repellency indices of 75.5 and 57.8\%, respectively. Thus, some Argentinean plants contain essential oils and components that function as fumigants or as repellents and thereby show potential for development of new control products for head lice.},
	keywords = {Argentina, Essential oils, fumigants, head lice, plants, repellents},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/46542.pdf},
	author = {Toloza,Ariel Ceferino and Zygadlo,Julio and Mougabure-Cueto,Gast{\'o}n A. and Biurrun,Fernando and Zerba,Eduardo Nicol{\'a}s and Picollo,Mar{\'\i}a In{\'e}s}
}
@article {37,
	title = {Lethality of essential oil constituents towards the human louse, Pediculus humanus, and its eggs},
	journal = {Fitoterapia},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {303 - 309},
	abstract = {Essential oils have been widely used in traditional medicine for the  eradication of lice, including head lice, but due to the variability of  their constitution the effects may not be reproducible. In an attempt  to assess the contribution of their component monoterpenoids, a range  of common individual compounds were tested in in vitro toxicity model  against both human lice (Pediculus humanus, an accepted model of  head lice lethality) and their eggs, at different concentrations. No  detailed study into the relative potencies of their constituent  terpenoids has so far been published. Adult lice were observed for lack  of response to stimuli over 3 h and the LT50 calculated, and  the percentage of eggs failing to hatch was used to generate ovicidal  activity data. A ranking was compiled for adult lice and partially for  eggs, enabling structure{\textendash}activity relationships to be assessed for  lethality to both, and showed that, for activity in both life-cycle  stages, different structural criteria were required. (+)-Terpinen-4-ol  was the most effective compound against adult lice, followed by other  mono-oxygenated monocyclic compounds, whereas nerolidol was  particularly lethal to eggs, but ineffective against adult lice.},
	keywords = {control, Essential oils, head lice, Monoterpenes, Ovicidal, Pediculicidal, pediculosis},
	author = {Priestley,C. M. and Burgess,Ian F. and Williamson,E. M.}
}
