01955nas a2200265   4500008004100000245010800041210006900149260000900218300001400227490000700241520113200248653001201380653002301392653001601415653002801431653001401459653001901473653003701492653002401529100002201553700001801575700002001593700002001613856005601633       2004                        eng d00aInsecticidal activity of plant essential oils against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae)0 aInsecticidal activity of plant essential oils against Pediculus   c2004  a699 - 7040 v413 aThe insecticidal activity of 54 plant essential oils against female Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer was examined using direct contact and fumigation methods, and compared with the lethal activity of delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum, two commonly used pediculicides. In a filter paper contact bioassay with female P. humanus capitis, the pediculicidal activity was more pronounced in eucalyptus, marjoram, pennyroyal, and rosemary oils than in delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum on the basis of LT50 values at 0.0625 mg/cm2. At 0.125 mg/cm2, pediculicidal activity of cade, cardamone ceylon, clove bud, myrtle, rosewood, and sage oils was comparable with that of the test insecticides. In fumigation tests with female P. humanus capitis at 0.25 mg/cm2, eucalyptus, marjoram, pennyroyal, and rosemary oils were more effective in closed containers than in open ones, indicating that the effect of these oils was largely a result of action in the vapor phase. Neither delta-phenothrin nor pyrethrum exhibited fumigant toxicity. The essential oils described herein merit further study as potential control agents for P. humanus capitis.10aanimals10aFumigation/methods10ainsecticide10aOils, Volatile/toxicity10aPediculus10aPlant Extracts10aResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't10aSpecies Specificity1 aYang, Young-Cheol1 aLee, Hoi-Seon1 aClark, Marshall1 aAhn, Young-Joon  uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/44706.pdf02899nas a2200265   4500008004100000020001400041245013900055210006900194260002400263300001600287490000700303520206300310653001202373653002502385653001402410653001902424653003702443653002602480100001702506700001702523700001702540700002002557700001602577856004002593       2004                        eng d  a0021-856100aOvicidal and adulticidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus leaf oil terpenoids against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae)0 aOvicidal and adulticidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus leaf oi  aUnited Statesc2004  a2507 - 25110 v523 aThe toxic effects of Eucalyptus globulus leaf oil-derived monoterpenoids [1,8-cineole, l-phellandrene, (-)-alpha-pinene, 2-beta-pinene, trans-pinocarveol, gamma-terpinene, and 1-alpha-terpineol] and the known Eucalyptusleaf oil terpenoids (beta-eudesmol and geranyl acetate) on eggs and females of the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis, were examined using direct contact and fumigation bioassays and compared with the lethal activity of delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum, two commonly used pediculicides. In a filter paper contact bioassay with female P. h. capitis, the pediculicidal activity was more pronounced with Eucalyptus leaf oil than with either delta-phenothrin or pyrethrum on the basis of LT(50) values (0.125 vs 0.25 mg/cm(2)). 1,8-Cineole was 2.2- and 2.3-fold more toxic than either delta-phenothrin or pyrethrum, respectively. The pediculicidal activities of (-)-alpha-pinene, 2-beta-pinene, and (E)-pinocarveol were comparable to those of delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum. l-Phellandrene, gamma-terpinene, and 1-alpha-terpineol were relatively less active than delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum. beta-Eudesmol and geranyl acetate were ineffective. 1-alpha-Terpineol and (E)-pinocaveol were highly effective at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/cm(2), respectively, against P. h. capitis eggs. At 1.0 mg/cm(2), (-)-alpha-pinene, 2-beta-pinene, and gamma-terpinene exhibited moderate ovicidal activity, whereas little or no ovicidal activity was observed with the other terpenoids and with delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum. In fumigation tests with female P. h. capitis at 0.25 mg/cm(2), 1,8-cineole, (-)-alpha-pinene, (E)-pinocarveol, and 1-alpha-terpineol were more effective in closed cups than in open ones, indicating that the effect of the monoterpenoids was largely due to action in the vapor phase. Neither delta-phenothrin nor pyrethrum exhibited fumigant toxicity. Eucalyptus leaf oil, particularly 1,8-cineole, 1-alpha-terpineol, and (E)-pinocaveol, merits further study as potential pediculicides or lead compounds for the control of P. h. capitis.10aanimals10aOocytes/drug effects10aPediculus10aPlant Extracts10aResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't10aTerpenes/pharmacology1 aYang, Y., C.1 aChoi, H., Y.1 aChoi, W., S.1 aClark, Marshall1 aAhn, Y., J.  uhttps://cats.myspecies.info/node/64