01720nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001400041245001600055210001600071260002400087300002200111490000700133520117000140653001201310653002801322653001101350653005301361653001401414100001501428700001901443856004001462       2004                        eng d  a0190-962200aPediculosis0 aPediculosis  aUnited Statesc2004  a1 - 12; quiz 13-40 v503 aThe 3 major lice that infest humans are Pediculus humanus capitis (head louse), Pthirus pubis (crab louse), and Pediculus humanus humanus (body louse). Patients with louse infestation present with scalp pruritus, excoriations, cervical lymphadenopathy, and conjunctivitis. A hypersensitivity rash, or pediculid, may mimic a viral exanthem. Head lice infestation crosses all economic and social boundaries, whereas body lice infestation preferentially affects the homeless and displaced. Body lice are major vectors of diseases such as typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever. Pubic lice infestation often is acquired as a sexually transmitted disease and may be a marker to screen for other sexually transmitted diseases. Treatment of louse infestation can be challenging. Mechanical measures, such as combing, are helpful as adjunctive measures, but most studies suggest they are not as effective as chemical agents. Resistance to chemical agents is a growing problem. Major types of resistance include knock-down resistance, glutathione-S-transferase-based resistance, and monooxygenase-based resistance. Research is needed to identify new effective treatments.10aanimals10aDiagnosis, Differential10ahumans10aLice Infestations/diagnosis/parasitology/therapy10aPediculus1 aKo, C., J.1 aElston, D., M.  uhttps://cats.myspecies.info/node/65