@article {126,
	title = {Immunization of rabbits with a midgut extract of the human body louse Pediculus humanus humanus - the effect of induced resistance on the louse population},
	journal = {Medical and Veterinary Entomology},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1994},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {114 - 118},
	abstract = {Resistance to human body lice, Pediculus humanus humanus L, induced by feeding on rabbits immunized with an extract of louse gut was studied. The mortality of lice fed on immunized rabbits was 73\%, significantly higher than that of lice fed on control rabbits (52\%) (P < 0.01). The proportion of dead nymphs and female lice with ruptured guts was significantly higher in lice fed on immunized rabbits (P < 0.01). The size of the bloodmeal was 35\% greater in female lice fed on control rabbits than on immunized rabbits. Lice fed on immunized rabbits laid 40\% less eggs than those fed on the controls, they also demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of eggs per female over time (P < 0.01). 86\% of the eggs laid by lice fed on immunized animals hatched, compared with 92\% hatching of eggs laid by the lice fed on control animals (P < 0.01). With the exception of the first bloodmeal the percentage of hatched eggs which were laid between any two bloodmeals was significantly smaller (P < 0.01) in the lice fed on immunized rabbits than in the control group. The first nymphal stage of lice fed on immunized rabbits took an average of 5.2 days to moult to the second stage, compared with 4 days for those fed on control rabbits.},
	keywords = {Anoplura, antigens, Boophilus, cattle, Hoplopleuridae, immunization, infestation, microplus, midgut, pdf, Pediculus humanus humanus, Phthiraptera, polyplax serrata, resistance, ticks, vaccination},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/38454.pdf},
	author = {Ben-Yakir,David and Mumcuoglu,Kosta Y. and Manor,Orly and Ochanda,James O. and Galun,Rachel}
}
@article {139,
	title = {The detection of Rickettsia prowazekii in the vectors of louse-born typhus Pediculus humanus by using monoclonal antibody-based preparations},
	journal = {Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii},
	volume = {(8)},
	year = {1990},
	note = {LR: 20031114; JID: 0415217; 0 (Antibodies, Bacterial); 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal); 0 (Antigens, Bacterial); 0 (Epitopes); 0 (Immunoglobulin M); ppublish},
	month = {1990},
	pages = {71 - 74},
	address = {USSR},
	abstract = {The results of this investigation indicate that preparations obtained on the basis of monoclonal antibodies have proved to be suitable for the detection of R. prowazekii antigens in the natural carrier of typhus when used in all types of the enzyme immunoassay; of these, the assay made by the capture method has been found to possess the highest sensitivity. The testing of the sensitivity limits has shown that this method known as ELISA-mu-capture, i.e. ELISA carried out with the use of antibodies to the mu chain of human immunoglobulin, is capable of detecting the antigen in a dose of 0.5-1 ng. Preparations based on monoclonal antibodies to species-specific R. prowazekii antigen permit the identification of the causative agent of typhus in its natural carrier within 24 hours.},
	keywords = {animals, Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis, Antibodies, Monoclonal/diagnostic use, Antigens, Bacterial/immunology, Comparative Study, English Abstract, enzyme, immunization, Insect vectors, Pediculus, Rickettsia prowazekii/immunology, Time Factors},
	isbn = {0372-9311},
	author = {Nedialkov,IuA and Drobyshevskaia,E. I. and Klimchuk,N. D. and Nesterenko,V. G. and Tarasevich,Irina V.}
}
@article {116,
	title = {Characterization of body louse midgut proteins recognized by resistant hosts},
	journal = {Medical and Veterinary Entomology},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1996},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {35 - 38},
	abstract = {The human body louse, Pediculus humanus, showed eighteen midgut proteins ranging between 12 and 117 kDa, when analysed by SDS- PAGE electrophoresis. Seven of them (12 kDa, 17 kDa, 29 kDa, 35 kDa, 40 kDa, 55 kDa and 97 kDa) were major bands based on their intensity of staining. The immunization of rabbits with a midgut extract elicited the production of protective polyclonal antibodies. These antibodies reacted strongly with all major midgut proteins as well as with 63 kDa and 117 kDa proteins when tested by the Western blot technique. The analysis of the proteins revealed that the 12 kDa, 25 kDa, 29 kDa, 35 kDa, 45 kDa, 87 kDa and 97 kDa proteins are glycosylated and none of them contained a lipid moiety. By electroelution, the proteins of 35 kda and 63 kDa were purified. On trypsinization, the proteins of 35 kDa and 63 kDa produced four major fragments (F- 1, F-2, F-3, and F-4) when resolved on a 18\% SDS-PAGE. The F-1 fragment of the 35 kDa protein reacted with the polyclonal antibodies by the immunoblot technique.},
	keywords = {adult, antigens, arthropod, body, Boophilus, cattle, control, human, immunization, immunogens, immunological, louse, midgut, pdf, Pediculus humanus, protein, ticks, vaccinated, vaccine},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/38618.pdf},
	author = {Ochanda,James O. and Mumcuoglu,Kosta Y. and Ben-Yakir,David and Okuru,J. K. and Oduol,V. O. and Galun,Rachel}
}
@article {117,
	title = {Immunogenic proteins in the body and faecal material of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus, and their homology to antigens of other lice species},
	journal = {Medical and Veterinary Entomology},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1996},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {105 - 107},
	keywords = {blot, body louse, capitis, cattle, goat, Haematopinus, head, human, immunization, immunoaffinity, Linognathus, pdf, pediculosis, Pediculus humanus, stenopsis, Western},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/38615.pdf},
	author = {Mumcuoglu,Kosta Y. and Ben-Yakir,David and Gunzberg,S. and Ochanda,James O. and Galun,Rachel}
}
@article {119,
	title = {Localization of immunogenic antigens on midgut of the human body louse Pediculus humanus humanus (Anoplura: Pediculidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {1996},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {74 - 77},
	abstract = {Immunogenic midgut antigens of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus humanus L., were localized using rabbit antisera against a louse-midgut extract followed by a end antibody conjugated to either fluorescein or colloidal gold. Strong fluorescence was observed on the outer membrane of the epithelial cell of the midgut. The immunogold technique revealed that most of the antigens were localized on the microvilli of the midgut cells. Small numbers of gold particles were also seen in the gut lumen and within the cell cytoplasm. Only a few gold particles were seen in the lumen of the gut sections incubated with control sera.},
	keywords = {antigen, arthropod, Boophilus, immunization, immunofluorescence, labeling, localization, pdf, Pediculus humanus, ticks},
	url = {http://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/38616.pdf},
	author = {Mumcuoglu,Kosta Y. and Rahamim,Ezra and Ben-Yakir,David and Ochanda,James O. and Galun,Rachel}
}
