02453nas a2200265   4500008004100000245017400041210006900215260000900284300001400293490000700307520157200314653001401886653001901900653001401919653001401933653001101947653001501958100002801973700001902001700003302020700002202053700002902075700002702104856005602131       2006                        eng d00aFumigant and repellent properties of essential oils and component compounds against permethrin-resistant Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Argentina0 aFumigant and repellent properties of essential oils and componen  c2006  a889 - 8950 v433 aThe repeated use of permethrin and other insecticides for the control of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae), during past decades has resulted in the development of marked levels of resistance. Thus, new alternative insecticides are needed for the control of head lice. We studied the fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils from 16 native and exotic plants in Argentina, and 21 chemical components against permethrin-resistant head lice from Argentina. With a direct vapor-exposure bioassay, the most effective oil was from the native Myrcianthes cisplatensis Cambess (Myrtaceae) with a time to 50% knockdown (KT50) of 1.3 min, followed by exotic species, Eucalyptus cinerea F.V. Muell., Eucalyptus viminalis Labill., and Eucalyptus saligna Smith. withKT50 values of 12.0, 14.9, and 17.4 min, respectively. The most effective components were 1,8-cineole and anisole, with KT50 values of 11.1 and 12.7 min, respectively. Regression analysis of KT50 values and vapor pressures and water-partition coefÞcients for the essential oil components revealed that the most effective fumigants were among the more volatile components. Repellency assays indicated that the essential oil from Mentha pulegium L. and its benzyl alcohol component were the most effective repellents, having repellency indices of 75.5 and 57.8%, respectively. Thus, some Argentinean plants contain essential oils and components that function as fumigants or as repellents and thereby show potential for development of new control products for head lice.10aArgentina10aEssential oils10afumigants10ahead lice10aplants10arepellents1 aToloza, Ariel, Ceferino1 aZygadlo, Julio1 aMougabure-Cueto, Gastón, A.1 aBiurrun, Fernando1 aZerba, Eduardo, Nicolás1 aPicollo, María, Inés  uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/46542.pdf01457nas a2200205   4500008004100000245010000041210006900141260000900210300001400219490000700233520078900240653001401029653003401043653001401077653001501091100003301106700002901139700002701168856005601195       2006                        eng d00aPermethrin-Resistant Head Lice (Anoplura: Pediculidae) in Argentina Are Susceptible to Spinosad0 aPermethrinResistant Head Lice Anoplura Pediculidae in Argentina   c2006  a634 - 6350 v423 aThe insecticidal activity of spinosad was evaluated against susceptible and permethrin-resistant human lice. In a permethrin-susceptible strain of the body louse, Pediculus humanus humanus L. (Anoplura: Pediculidae), the toxicity of spinosad was similar to that established for permethrin, with an LD50 value of 1.2 ng/insect and 2.4 ng/insect, respectively. Topical application of spinosad to populations of permethrin-resistant head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae), showed that susceptibility to spinosad was independent of resistance to permethrin. The effectiveness of spinosad against human lice and the low mammalian toxicity reported in the literature suggest that spinosad could be useful for the management of permethrin-resistant human lice.10aArgentina10ahumanus, spinosad, permethrin10aPediculus10aresistance1 aMougabure-Cueto, Gastón, A.1 aZerba, Eduardo, Nicolás1 aPicollo, María, Inés  uhttp://www.phthiraptera.info/Publications/46258.pdf